Case Study Nursing Theory And Research - 972 Words

Problem/Purpose/Question Youliana Piscopo Jacksonville University Professor Janet Boeckman Nursing Theory and Research I NUR 510 January 16th,2015 Problem/Purpose/Question Over the past 30 years, obesity has tripled among children ages 6-19 years in the United States (CDC, 2013). The definition of childhood health includes parameters of healthy and unhealthy weight ranges. Children defined as overweight have excess body weight for a particular height, while obese is having excess body fat. This paper is a set of recommendations based on research for practice change to improve the weight and health of†¦show more content†¦Step one is an assessment of the need for change in practice. This step is a focused on the background and significance of childhood obesity. To establish a need for practice change we need to focus on the impact of childhood obesity in the United States. This in turn increases healthcare costs in the United States. In a study by the Harvard School of Public Health (2013), â€Å"The U.S. spent $190 billion on obesity-related health care expenses in 2005†. Obesity causes a higher cost to American taxpayers as well a s the higher cost when it comes to the children s health . Obese children eventually become obese adults with the same or more advanced health problems. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (CDC, 2011), states that the prevalence of obesity among young children causes multiple chronic diseases and risk factors, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and high blood glucose levels. That statement indicates a need for research to create practice change to improve the weight and health of children. This can be accomplished by finding the best evidence and presenting it in systematic review to address the fore mentioned PICOT question. According to the scholarly article of Li and Hooker (2010) children that attend public school are more likely to be obese than children who attend private school. Its proven that these children will suffer from health problems that were

Secondary Students Performance in National Achievement Test Free Essays

SAN PABLO COLLEGES GRADUATE SCHOOL SAN PABLO CITY Learning is a continuous process; like in much other discipline teaching requires also a tremendous task of upgrading the knowledge of a teacher. A teacher is the single authoritative figure in the classroom no one can tell where his/her influence stops. A teacher can create a learning atmosphere that is fun and conducive and at the same time create an atmosphere of tension and discrimination. We will write a custom essay sample on Secondary Students Performance in National Achievement Test or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the note of Naturalism by Rousseau he stressed that man is basically good and that his environment makes him bad, with these aspect I firmly anchored my teaching life. I am a natural born naturalist and idealist who firmly believed that also the environment has a deep anchor on the promotion and progress of an individual. As a teacher, I always see to it that when I am teaching my line of discipline which is History I always give my students a pretest before introducing the topic so that I can assess the entry level they have. Teaching History is not easy because nowadays students can’t appreciate the value of one’s cultural identity thus, it is always have been a challenge for history teachers like me to sustain student’s interests in studying it. In this regard, even though the concluded seminar is basically â€Å"The Art of Science Teaching† I really learned a lot from it specially the resourcefulness on the part of the teacher as well as the connection of Science in many other disciplines. Consequently, nowadays we are living in the context of high technological advances and presently students demand for learning is high. Technology has been part and parcel of good education and that is presently the challenge teachers are facing the incorporation of technology into teaching specially that I am public school teacher. Resources are scarce, quality materials are too little, rooms are not conducive for learning, student teacher ratio is too large and many other. The linkages and resourcefulness of a teacher can be best harnessed nowadays specially if that teacher really wants to bring about positive changes on the part of his students. Dedication, commitment and passion for teaching should be always harnessed on the heart of teacher because I firmly believe that when these three core values are shared and trengthened within the humanity of a teacher no problem, no obstacles can’t be overcome. The last seminar is indeed an eye opener for every educators not only those of teaching sciences but all of us who were called to serve. The insights given by the speaker really made me realized that teaching is an art and also teaching requires prior knowledge strengthening the connection between you and your community, finding resources that best translate your learning objectives into tangible learnin g outcomes, and most importantly uplift the lives of students under your tutelage. As for my recommendation I am positively looking forward for another series of seminars that the graduate school will offer. Because I firmly believed that teachers should always upgrade their learning background for their students as the famous adage connotes â€Å"You can’t give what you don’t have† Prepared and respectfully submitted by: Rowell P. Corcega How to cite Secondary Students Performance in National Achievement Test, Essay examples

Sonnet 130 by William Shakespeare, Sonnet 43 by Elizabeth Barrett Browning and The Flea by John Donne Essay Example For Students

Sonnet 130 by William Shakespeare, Sonnet 43 by Elizabeth Barrett Browning and The Flea by John Donne Essay When I first started this unit on love I thought it was going to be dreary as love poems are not a category, which interest me, and I dont take pleasure in doing work like this, as it can be embarrassing. Love is about caring and liking someone; like a boyfriend would care for his girlfriend and a mother would care for her son. Love is associated with phrases like, I love you and Ill love you till I die, it also portrays images such as two people holding hands in public and kissing. Love is also about being hurt and going through difficulties. Inside my faith we arent allowed to kiss in public as it is considered embarrassing and appalling. In my religion (Islam) it is best if you stay a virgin until you get married. To have poetry, even in valentine cards is not something to be encouraged. From the six poems, which I read I chose to analyse three of them, because they portray love in very different ways, the three that I chose were: 1) Sonnet 130 by William Shakespeare 2) Sonnet 43 by Elizabeth Barrett Browning 3) The Flea by John Donne Sonnet 43 was written In the Victorian times in the 19th century whereas The Flea was written in the 17th century and the oldest one of them all, Sonnet 130 which was written in the 16th century. Therefore these poems span 300 years. There is one romantic poem out of the three; Sonnet 43 based on love entirely unlike the other two, which have humour in them because Shakespeares is based on looks, which is similar to The Flea which is based on sex but not love. Shakespeares Sonnet 130 is one of the 150 sonnets he wrote. Here he makes a joke of the romantic style of the time. He attempts to write his poem more truthfully and describe his lover as a normal person rather than using hyperbolic phrases about his lover like Sonnet 43, which cannot be true because they are out of our imagination. An example of this statement that indicates that he doesnt use hyperbolic phrases is the first line of his sonnet, My mistresss are nothing like the sun;, This tells us that his lovers eyes are nothing like the sun. He also suggests in the second line that coral is better than her lips, Coral is far more red than her lips red:, This again is mocking his lover. He also suggests that that music is much more pleasing than her voice although he likes hearing her voice, I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound:, He also indicates that as hes never seen a god how can he compare her to god, I grant I never saw a goddess go, -, He demonstrates why he has written like this in the last two lines where he explains that he loves her for what she is and that his love is true love because he sees the real person, not a sentimental, unrealistic picture of his love where everything is lied about, at this point he stops mocking his lover. These two lines are indented because hes saying something special by giving a message, And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare. This poem has a strong rhyming pattern just like Barrett Brownings poem and both are blank verse and both have 10 syllables with 14 lines like every normal sonnet. I dont think I would be pleased to receive this poem although it does tell the truth. He is being negative about the looks of his lover even though he explains why hes writing like this in the last two lines. This poem is the beauty/lust based kind of love and I wouldnt want to receive this poem as it isnt at all romantic and it puts you down. I would prefer to receive compliments. This poem portrays love in a very extraordinary way as he loves his lover but puts them down because he talks about her being very ugly, but says his loves her like she is and doesnt need to go over the moon in describing her. Commentary on Seamus Heaney's Twice Shy EssayHe starts off by saying, Marke but this flea,, This line sounds like he is commanding her, he then goes onto suggest that what she denies him is very diminutive, as this flea has sucked blood out of himself and her, for that reason they are like a married couple. The last three lines are indented because he is making a point that he is jealous of the flea for the reason that the flea has not had to sweet talk her to get what he desires, like he has had to sweet talk her and he still hasnt succeeded in getting what he wants, unlike the flea, which has just gone and done it! In the second stanza he starts in the same way as the first stanza, commanding her. He tries to prevent her from hurting the flea as he argues that there is more than one life in this flea, there is his life, her life and their marriage bed, This flea is you, and I, and this Our marriage bed At this point he uses a metaphor where he describes the flea, as being a temple in which inside is their marriage with living walls of jet because and marriage temple is; Though parents grudge, and you, ware met, An d cloysterd in these living walls of jet. He then indents the last three lines and mentions that generally you kill fleas but this one is special as if you kill it you will be committing three sins, murdering himself, her and their religion, Though use make thee apt to kill me, Let not to this, self murder added bee, And sacrilage, three sinnes in killing three. She kills the flea. Donne is disappointed as he says that there is innocent blood on her nail, Purpled thy naile, in blood of innocence? In what could this flea guilty bee,, He says that what was this flea guilty of? All it did was take blood out of her, he then makes the point he has been trying to say throughout this poem, by saying that shes killed the flea therefore she should be dead but she is not dead and it has done her no harm either! Tis true, then learne how false, feares bee; Just so much honor, when hou yeeldst to mee Will wast, as this fleas death took life from thee. This is a very clear and intelligent argument but it wouldnt impress a lover, as all he is after is sex and not romance. If you did give this poem to a girl I assume you would get a clout in return as it is not something you would expect to receive from your lover. This poem sees love as a sexual thing, not a romantic thing. It is a clever argument but not at all loving. This portrays love in a sexual way that love is only about sex and all he wants is sex with a girl who he tries to persuade to sleep with him. All three poems rhyme but they have different patterns. The two sonnets have different patterns; Barrett Brownings has two patterns, which are abab cdcd efef g, and abba abba cdcdcd, which is the rhyming pattern if you include Para rhymes. However Shakespeares sonnet is abab cdcd efef g. As you can tell from these poems there is a major similarity between these poems, which are that both males write involving humour and the Barrett browning writes very seriously using very romantic words, this must be because she was on her deathbed and wanted to give her final thoughts of her lover before she dies. The poem I would like to receive is obviously Barrett Brownings poem as it boasts about you in a very positive way and it is also romantic which I am sure everyone would be pleased to receive, unlike Shakespeares and Donnes, which I wouldnt like to receive because it puts you down although Shakespeare is telling the truth. I like The Flea the most because it is very cleverly thought out and it can be quite amusing and funny.

To Kill a Mockingbird Journal Two Chapters 11-20 Essays

To Kill a Mockingbird Journal Two : Chapters 11-20 By: Saima Vedachhia "Who beat you up? Tom Robinson or your father ?"( Page 251). This is what Atticus question nineteen-year-old Mayella Ewell in court on the day of the trail. In my opinion, Mayella commits a very sinful act by laying false charges against Tom Robinson. The truth was that Bob Ewell had beat and raped his own daughter, Mayella Ewell. The Ewell's are known to be a very disgraceful, lazy and no educat ed family and have almost no reputation in Maycomb. Mayella accuses Tom Robinson of beating her up, raping her and taking advantage of her. But I feel that Mayella is actually the one taking advantage of Tom since he is a person of colour. In court, Mayella is asked a series of questions by both the lawyers, but it seems that all of her answers are similar everything her father says. It almost seems that she was forced to say what her father told her to say or she would have to face the consequences . When she is asked questions about her fath er, she hesitates and looks at her father before answering the question. This is a sign of lying under oath. This can help us understand how Bob Ewell keeps Mayella under his control and makes her do whatever he wants. When Mayella is asked about the incident, she says that she had called over Tom Robinson to help her break an old dresser. Tom was a nice guy and never did anything to Ewell's but Mayella decided to blame him for her father's actions. Although Mayella tries her best not to give any hint of her father beating her, she gets trapped in one of Atticus's questions. Atticus asks Mayella if her father treats her with love and she replies "He does tollable (tolerable), cept when -" ( Page 245) and then stops. Atticus later points out that she was trying to say he is okay except when he is drunk. The words almost slipped out of Mayella's mouth, but she quickly stops herself before she gets herself into any more trouble with her father. M ayella is simply afraid of facing her father face to face and as follow blames his actions on an innocent person. Mayella had bruises on the right side of her face, which shows that someone who is left-handed is more likely to hit that side. Bob Ewell is left-handed, and Tom Robinson does not even have a left hand, in this case, it is obvious that it was Bob is the one that beat Mayella , not Tom. Mayella's statement constantly changes and this is another sign that proves that Tom didn't commit the crime. Mayella seems desperately immature for a nineteen-year-old and her whiny attitude suggest that she just wants to try to gain pity as a rape victim. Mayella Ewell is simply lying under oath because she doesn't want her father to be guilty. It is very sad and shameful that she takes advantage of an innocent person because she knows that he is unable to do anything about it because he's a man of colour. Tom did not do anything wrong to Mayella , instead, he w as trying to help her. Therefore, Mayella's actions and Atticus points prove that it was Bob Ewell who had committed the crime, not Tom Robinson. Bob Ewell is a cruelly a racist man, makes various racial comments during the trial. This makes it clear as to why he would accuse Tom of his own wrong-doings. Although Mayella being abused, lonely and unhappy is quite pitiful, we cannot overlook and cannot pardon her for her shameful charges over Tom Robinson. This makes really disappointed because in Maycomb it's mixed, but the blacks and whites don't live near each other. But they can oversee that the fact a black m an word can dishonest a white man's word.

Increasing Effective Communication in Healthcare

Increasing Effective Communication in Healthcare Abstract Efficient communication is necessary in the healthcare sector. Health practitioners are working collaboratively in order to enhance their success in handling vital medical matters. This paper critically analyzes the provisions of communication in providing quality patient-centred healthcare services.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Increasing Effective Communication in Healthcare specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This occurs with reference to existing literatures, government policies, various publications, released reports, and other relevant health frameworks meant to enhance inter-professional collaborations. It is crucial to agree that increasing effective communication in healthcare is vital when scrutinized critically. The essence of communication in the healthcare context is to promote inter-professional relationships and consolidate varying experiences in order to enhance efficiency, reliabili ty, and effectiveness in the delivery of healthcare services. Patient-centred healthcare is a crucial provision in handling the sick. Effective communication allows numerous physicians to execute their obligations with precision. It indicates that the concerned health practitioners will attain higher levels of proficiency in their work. They receive support from other experienced medics hence enhancing the professional relationships indicated earlier. Precisely, it is crucial to collaborate in the health matters through effective communication in order to be successful (Wilson Rockstraw, 2012). Statement of the Business Scenario King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC) is a leading referral hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Evidently, the hospital has enacted various aspects of communication and change including electronic health record (EHR) in order to realize its current performance and efficiency success despite the challenges. There are various barriers to inter-professional healthcare endeavors. One such factor is inadequate communication provision among the concerned professionals. Other barriers include occupational cultures, prejudice, resource allocation, interpersonal differences, large number of participants, poor coordination, ignorance of multi-professional benefits, political issues, and other relevant concerns. Others include leadership ambiguity, apathy of team members, and lack of commitment.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order to minimize such barriers, it is proper to enhance interpersonal communication, form a fully constituted team, avoid personal differences, minimized devastating occupational cultures, coordinate, cooperate, and form a team with considerable number of professionals. For example, after realizing that lack of effective communication can have adverse effects on the performa nce within King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC), the organization has opted to reorganize its communication processes (Jelena, 2007). Recently, the organization has instituted the compliance and quality control departments. It pursues strategies that determine the nature of training considered suitable for its employees. Though such initiatives are innovative, the establishments of such communication improvement strategies have resulted into increased efficiency. As such, companies have been able to produce high quality product and services. However, the process of offering cost reduction initiatives has compromised such companies’ competitiveness. Lack of sufficient and reliable information linking training to workforce performance is a serious problem to corporations intending to implement such strategies. Further, institutions have been unable to establish specific communication attributes that may facilitate improved workforce performance. Neverthe less, such employees are required to perform different functions. Analysis of the Organizations and Business Processes It is possible for patients to achieve quality services when handled by multiple professionals in the healthcare context. Interdisciplinary communication helps in enhancing healthcare by augmenting coordination of services, especially for multifaceted medical complications. In case a patient has a complex and acute health condition, collaborative healthcare will help in enhancing the speed of handling the case and other lucrative provision in the very situation. Speed is crucial in every circumstance. It helps in executing duties with precision and promptness, a fact that is demanded considerably in the healthcare sectors (Couch 1998). It is possible to attain quality patient-centred care when healthcare processes are executed with efficiency and speed. This is helpful in attaining the demanded success. Critically, it is vital to collaborate in order to attain the d emanded rapidity, efficiency, and medical competence. Additionally, it is feasible to integrate healthcare facilities for a vast range of healthcare complications and needs.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Increasing Effective Communication in Healthcare specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is practicable since various specialists will come together to handle various complications with promptness (Enthoven Vorhaus 1997).  Lord Darzs report indicates that healthcare experts emerging from varying medical fields habitually collaborate in order to advance treatment processes (CSIP 2008). This indicates why communication is quite lucrative in the medical context and to patients in particular. The overall output of such caregivers will increase tremendously. Accordingly, this provision might enhance job satisfaction among the health practitioners. It is crucial to augment such healthcare provisions in order t o remain relevant in the industry and perform the required duties with precision. Collaborative services in healthcare are crucial following their considerable contributions to quality and precision in patients. For example (in the hospitalized patients), the coordination between nurses and physicians is very crucial in executing the desired medical processes. There are situations that demand the interventions of physical therapist, respiratory therapist, or a medical practitioner in order to stabilize a given condition in the patient. Such specialists, when working together, are able to attain the required success in the entire treatment processes. In the publication named â€Å"Valuing Peoples†, communication is able to enhance professional development in the realms of skills and knowledge. According to NHF standards related to mental wellness, the essence of this is to embrace collaborative healthcare provisions (Department of Health 1999). This conforms to the demands of attaining proficient and successful healthcare practices. When health practitioners from different disciplines come together to solve a given medical case, it is possible to succeed prominently since each of them might bring a different idea helpful in the case (Drinka Clark 2000). This supports the aspects of communication in healthcare. Crucially, it is advisable to attain critical medical concepts in such provisions hence conforming to the alleged developmental issues. This is a critical stipulation in the healthcare context. As mentioned earlier, it is possible to attain efficiency and rapidity when executing various healthcare tasks (Jones 2005). This is possible since every physician in the concerned task will endeavour to accomplish his or her obligations with precision and promptness. Consequently, each participant is able to develop skilfully and knowledgeably. Communication in the patient-centred healthcare helps in empowering patients during their treatment periods. Addi tionally, it is crucial to collaborate on critical health conditions that require expertise from different specialists (Wilson Rockstraw 2012). This helps in motivation various patients as they battle their illnesses. Physicians from varying healthcare disciplines can come together to handle complicated health conditions.Advertising Looking for research paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This can be a critical psychological and physical motivator to patients. Empowering patients can enhance their recovery rates as evident in various medical contexts. Hence, by performing a collaborative healthcare practice, a patient might get optimistic thus boosting his or her immunity, mental, and physical conditions for quick recovery. Interdisciplinary communication is effective in healthcare following its merits with regard to medical provisions. This is relevant since there are different disciplines in the medical field, which must be integrated (professional collaboration) in order to attain the desired medical success on the concerned patients. For example, sharing the progress of a patient within team members (whether on improvement or deterioration) is crucial. The move helps in formulating appropriate measures to be taken on the patient to enhance the aspects of high quality patient-centred care. This indicates the importance of communication in the context of healthcare as well as other viable sectors. The matter is equally applicable on acute instances where patients need immediate attention from the concerned physicians. From this argument, it is evident that collaborative healthcare provisions provide the demanded efficiency within the healthcare context. This conforms to the argument that viable communication (professional collaboration) is paramount in providing high quality patient-centred care (Taylor Lessin 1996). The fact that communication brings different but experienced personalities together indicates its potentiality in the healthcare perspective.  Concurrently, another aspect of communication that allows it to bestow quality patient-centred care is its ability to permit the concerned practitioners to learn new skills and novel medical approaches meant for different health complications. This will promote quality healthcare practices since the concerned healthcare practitioners will have vast knowledge in multiple fields hence sup porting the aspects of professional collaboration. This is helpful in serving patients with varying health complications. Precisely, communication helps the concerned medical practitioners to share expertise in various fields in order to attain an ultimate success (Liff, 2011). For example, a practitioner knowledgeable in neurosurgery can gain considerably in haematology if a patient under treatment required multiple medical attentions.  In the publication â€Å"No Decisions about Me minus Me†, it is crucial to recognize that patients are active partners in the healthcare provision (Thornton, 2011). They also need to make their preferred choice on who, how, and when to treat them despite the barriers. Inter-professional healthcare provision allows patients to work with medics they prefer with respect to confidentiality. Calming patients psychologically and encouraging them through various medical processes is helpful in achieving quality patient-centred care. It means that the patient is highly valued, and his or her health is prioritized. Similarly, this contributes to the improvement of the patient’s safety and confidentiality (Forman, 2011). Collaborative healthcare practices focuses on the wellbeing of patients and quick recovery from the concerned illnesses. Ability to induce cooperation from the patient is a credible provision worth consideration. Discussion of Healthcare Application System Solutions The advantages and disadvantages of the solution discussed against a set of weighted objectives, established in the previous section and supported from current literature are critical. Brilliant communication is quite beneficial in the healthcare context. Considerably, health practitioners can gain a lot with regard to efficient communication. They have a chance to appreciate the merits that collaborative healthcare provisions can offer to the concerned healthcare practitioners. Obviously, communication enhances the aspects of communication b etween health practitioners and patients (Guo 2009). Since patients play critical roles in the healthcare processes, this is a considerable benefit. It is crucial to enhance communication between the two parties for a maximized quality patient-centred care. Additionally, collaborative communication grants multiple communication approaches to medics. It helps in eradicating stigma that might hinder courage and quality healthcare provisional aspects. Whenever team members work collectively, it is advisable that they communicate effectively in order to enhance their understanding on the concerned medical condition. Contextually, it is crucial to note that stigmatization can interfere with the processes of healthcare. According to Lord Liams Report, it is advantageous if team working can eradicate such stigmas. This is helpful in overcoming learning barriers. Another evident benefit is that team working fosters enjoyment and apprehension of other disciplines, a fact that helps in eradic ating interdisciplinary conflicts among health practitioners through efficient communication. In addition, collaborative team working helps students to strategize for future practices, enhance their participation in learning, and challenge incredible cultures practiced in other disciplines. In order to achieve such benefits, interdisciplinary professionals must abide by the medical ethics and virtues proclaimed in the healthcare provisions. Recommended Solution and Implementation Issues NHF standards related to mental wellness indicate that most governments strive to protect the health of their people; thus, they have established supportive plans to ensure that the available healthcare facilities provide quality and patient-centred care. This has necessitated the provisions of effective communication within the healthcare system. All health practitioners are expected to cooperate with each other in order to increase efficiency, effectiveness, and productivity required in the healthc are industry. This is a critical phenomenon in various contexts. It is crucial to agree that collaborative healthcare provisions will enhance the aspects of quality patient-centred care to the sick. Most of the government policies promote the provisions of collaborative healthcare delivery. This is meant to enhance the experience of various health practitioners enabling them to be resourceful in their careers (Kelly, 2012).  Additionally, healthcare communication policies support innovation by health practitioners. This promotes the achievement of credible results in the realms of quality patient-centred healthcare provision. Communication is known to confer this provision as indicated earlier. Governments have the mandate to empower health practitioners by establishing viable policies helpful in promoting the aspects of communication in order to promote substantial healthcare provisions. The nature of policies enacted and embraced by a government can actually dictate the healthca re provisions indicated earlier (Frampton Charmel, 2009). Communication among the health practitioners enhances professionalism, promotes competence, and diversifies expertise in various healthcare disciplines. It is evident that different governments have varying regulations meant to enhance quality and patient-centred healthcare provisions indicated before. The benefits of communication (with regard to healthcare provisions) are evident when considered critically. It is imperative to provide the sick with a quality patient-centred care as conferred by communication. Concurrently, the named communication equally helps in providing the sick with critical and quality healthcare provisions. The incorporation of expertise from different disciplines is helpful in endorsing patients with the required quality patient-centred healthcare provisions mentioned earlier. There are various benefits gained in the communication. Firstly, it promotes the success of all medical operations while enh ancing the aspects of job satisfaction and expertise among the concerned healthcare practitioners (Debisette Vessey, 2011).  It is central to consider the stereotypes of inter-professional provisions in healthcare sectors. Having studied the benefits of collaborative communication provisions (with respects to patient-centred cares), it is recommendable to uphold the virtues of this issue between patients and healthcare practitioners. Managing to uphold the mentioned benefits is substantial in the healthcare context. Additionally, communication promotes maximum use of resources and facilities (Branine, 1998). When healthcare practitioners come together to work on a particular medical case, the aspects of efficiency, proficiency, and rapidity will obviously maximize the use of the available resources and facilities within the healthcare context. There are also issues of negative professional stereotypes as alleged before. With the adoption of effective communication, King Faisal Sp ecialist Hospital and Research center will take advantage of opportunities as they come along. Thus, the delivery of healthcare services will be timely. It aims at ensuring that there is efficiency. Operating an effective inventory management, information on market dynamics, supplier’s power and the costs of goods should be undertook, there is also need to have all procurement departments integrated in the system for proper communication among them. Consequently, this ensures that there is enhanced communication between loading and unloading of goods (Kinsella 2003). King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research center had no option other than maintaining good business relationship and effective communication provisions with its suppliers. This will assist in making sure that there is reliability in the supply of materials. Effective communication offered the platform through the system that aimed at enhancing the relation that prevails. The relationship means that suppliers w ere getting more concerned on demand from medical facilities like King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research center. They also aimed at fulfilling the demand in quality and quantity; suppliers have crucial information that they can give to the company, and assist in making strategic decisions in order to take advantage of market opportunities. King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research center needs to look into its database for effective communication. Some suppliers have supplied satisfying equipment leading to better provision of medical care services. Using effective communication, the company has been able to maintain a pool of data detailing these times for future decision-making. Effective communication ensures the company has adequate supplies at any one point in time (Wilson Rockstraw, 2012). Appendix A Strategic Information Systems Grid Business Challenges: Inadequate communication provision among the concerned professionals Occupational cultures Prejudice Improper resource allocation Interpersonal differences, large number of participants, poor coordination Ignorance of multi-professional benefits, political issues, and other relevant concerns Management Issues: Recently, the organization has instituted the compliance and quality control departments. It pursues strategies that determine the nature of training considered suitable for its employees. Information Systems Solutions: This conforms to the demands of attaining proficient and successful healthcare practices. When health practitioners from different disciplines come together to solve a given medical case, it is possible to succeed prominently since each of them might bring a different idea helpful in the case Technology Issues: Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) Electronic Medical Records (EMR) Electronic Health Records (EHR) Business Benefits: Efficiency, Profitability Expansion Promptness Professionalism Organization Issues: It is central to consider the st ereotypes of inter-communicational provisions in healthcare sectors. Having studied the benefits of collaborative communication provisions (with respects to patient-centred cares), it is recommendable to uphold the virtues of this issue between patients and healthcare practitioners. Appendix B Comparison of Solutions Objectives Weight of Objective Option 1 Build Community on Yahoo Option 2 Establish own Internet Site Option 3 Pilot Community at CIGNA.com Avoid Privacy/ Security Risk .20 Low Medium High Full Automation .25 Low High Medium Ease of Implementation .10 High Medium Medium Ease of Use .20 Low High Medium Cost .15 Low Medium Medium Time to Market .10 High Medium Low References Branine, M. (1998). The logic of job-sharing in the provision and delivery of health care. Journal of Health Organization and Management. 12(1), 63-72. Couch, J. (1998). The health care professionals guide to disease management, Maryland: Aspen Press. CSIP (2008). A summary of Lord Darzi’s Review of the NHS. Web. Debisette, A. Vessey, J. (2011). Nursing workforce issues. New York, NY: Springer. Department of Health. (1999). National service framework for mental health: modern standards and service models. Web. Drinka, T. Clark, P. (2000). Health care communication: interdisciplinary practice and teaching. Connecticut, CT: Auburn Press. Enthoven, A. Vorhaus, C. (1997). A vision of quality in health care delivery. Health Affairs Journal. 16 (3), 44-57. Forman, H. (2011). Nursing leadership for patient-centred care: authenticity, presence, intuition, expertise. New York: SPRINGER. Frampton, S. Charmel, P. (2009). Putting Patients First Best Practices in Patient-centered Care: Epub Edition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Guo, K. (2009). Effective communication in health care: Strategies to improve communication skills for managers. The Business Review, Cambridge’. 12(2), 8-17. Jones, R. (2005). Oxford textbook of primary medical care. Oxford : Oxford University Press. Kelly, P. (2012). Nursing leadership management. Ohio, OH: Cengage Learning. Liff, R. (2011). Promoting cooperation in health care: Creating endogenous institutions. Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management. 6(1), 46-63. Taylor, R. Lessin, L. (1996). Restructuring the health care delivery system in the united states’, Journal of Health Care Finance. 22(4), 33-60. Thornton, S. (2011). No decision about me without me: making it happen. Web. Trofino, J. (1995). Transformational leadership in health care, Nursing Management. 26(8), 42-52. Wilson, L. Rockstraw, L. (2012). Human simulation for nursing and health professions. New York, NY: Springer.

Internet Marketing and Online Business Training Program

Internet Marketing and Online Business Training Program Internet Marketing and Online Business Training Program Internet Marketing and Online Business Training Program By Daniel Scocco No writing tip on this post, be warned. If you are interested in learning Internet marketing and in creating your own online business, though, read on. My name is Daniel Scocco, and I am the owner of Daily Writing Tips (most of you probably know this by now or so I hope!). Luckily for you guys, Maeve handles most of the post writing these days, so I just need to manage the administrative tasks on this blog. That is pretty much what I do full time. I create web properties and manage them. Sometimes I create blogs, other times websites that sell services, and other times yet I play with PPC (Pay-per-Click) and affiliate marketing. I have been working from home on the Internet for almost three years now, and I really cant see ever going back. I know that many of you also want to follow a similar path. Maybe you are tired of your 9 to 5 job. Maybe the economic crisis is putting some pressure on your banking account. The Internet is THE market place these days, and learning how to make money online is an aspiring idea right? How do you go about doing that though? Where do you start? Using what tools? It was thinking about those problems that I gathered some friends of mine to create an Online Marketing and Business training program, called Online Profits. The program is launching today, and it will stay open for new members only until the end of the week (Friday 16 is the last day to join). The Online Profits members will have access to: 21 training modules and 66 lessons Video tutorials Exclusive interviews and case studies Private Forum where you will get all your questions answered The Social Club to boost your social media traffic and exposure Exclusive tools and resources And here is what is covered on the 21 training modules (each of them has several lessons inside): Introduction and Business Principles Domain Names Setting Up Your Website WordPress Web Design for Entrepreneurs Business Models Choosing Your Niche Blogs Other Types of Websites Web Content and Copywriting Basic SEO Advanced SEO Generating Traffic Social Media Web Metrics Selling Advertising Email Marketing Affiliate Marketing PPC (Pay-per-Click) Landing Pages Selling Your Products Now to the key question: how much does it cost? The members joining on the first launch will be able to attend the training program for $48 monthly instead of the official price which is $98 monthly. The program has a duration of 6 months, and the training modules are added gradually over time to ensure that members wont be overloaded with too much information right after signing-up. If you are planning to get started with Internet marketing and with your online business in 2009, I am sure this training program will get you going on the right direction. Click here to check all the info and the sign-up page. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†The Parts of a Word45 Idioms with "Roll"

Police Roles and Functions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Police Roles and Functions - Essay Example ils to truly encompass all of the roles that police officers should be serving: in fact, many of the roles that police officers fill have very little to do with law enforcement at all, and are not necessarily related to crimes. Law enforcement may be the central role common to all police forces, but they have many different roles on top of that. The primary function of any police force is law enforcement. Each police force has a set of laws that they are expected to enforce by catching and aiding in the prosecution of people who break those laws. The laws that a particular force are expected to enforce varies. Federal officers, for instance, can be of assistance in local matters, but only when invited by local police forces. The primary purpose of federal law enforcement agencies, such as the FBI, is the coordination of larger resources to solve interstate or international crime: things like organized crime, trafficking across state lines and so forth (Villa and Morris 1999). Local police tend to be on-the-ground officers who may see crimes being committed, who respond immediately to crime calls, who secure crime scenes and so forth. State police are usually responsible for administering zones between local police offices – this can be anything from traffic enforcement to a wide variety of other tasks. Law enforcement may be the primary mission of any police agency, but it is not what takes up the vast majority of an officer’s time. There are many other roles that a police officer fills, and that are of immense benefit to his community. Police officers, for instance, can be first responders to any emergency situation. This could mean giving first aid to someone who has had a heart attack to responding to a traffic collision or treating victims at the scene of a shooting (Villa and Morris 1999). Furthermore, police officers are often called on to adjudicate quasi-legal situations in which someone might be or feel threatened, even when no charges

Read the instruction Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Read the instruction - Coursework Example The territory that is not accepting immediate sunlight encounters winter. The phases of the moon correlate with the Earth and sun position. These stages incorporate new moon, where a large part of the moon confronting Earth is dull thus, one cannot see the moon from Earth because the sun is not lighting the side of the moon. The second stage is waxing sickle moon where light starts to enlighten the moon could be seen on the right, and the bright part is beginning to get greater. The third stage is the first quarter moon where 50% of the part of the moon confronting Earth is lighted on the right side. We have a full moon where a whole a large portion of the moon confronting Earth is lighted with completely lit loop. Disappearing gibbous is an alternate type of moon stages with three-quarters of the moon confronting the Earth is lighted on the left side. Last quarter moon is the large part of the piece of the moon confronting Earth is lighted on the left side. Finally, we have got fading sickle moon whereas the measure of light on the moon diminishes, we ag ain see a little piece, yet this time it is on the left (Spiller, 13-17). The Earth is among the nine planets that spin around the sun and make up the earths planetary group. It is around 150 million kilometers from the sun. The Earth that is characterized by dynamic surface that is always showing signs of change. The moon is a little rough satellite of Earth, having around one-quarter the distance across of the Earth and one-eighth its mass. The sun is a standard size yellow star of hydrogen gas that serves as the inside of our earths planetary society and as our wellspring of hotness and light. It is around 110 times the measurement of Earth and gives or takes 4.6 billion years of

Critical Thinking Case Study Essay Example for Free

Critical Thinking Case Study Essay Describe all assumptions you see in any documents. Kelly Thomas Senior Engineer, Product Development1. Assumed AcuScans customers would not be happy with just anything developed and launched. 2. Assumed Pat did not have any technology experience previous job in the cereal industry. 3. Assumed Pat was talking to the programmers without Kellys knowledge or consent. 4. Assumed Pat wanted to continue arguing on email. Pat Lambert Director of Marketing1. Assumed the customer would be happy with anything launched on the market from AcuScan2. Assumed programmers could work in the new launch. 3. Assumed a new product launch would be simple to achieve. 4. Assumed that Kelly Thomas would go along with her regarding the Operation Optimize5. Assumed that the Operation Optimize could be launched in 6-months6. Assumed that meeting with Kelly Thomas in person would rectify the situation. Cliff OConnor CEO1. Assumed Pats work ethic and experience in previous job will automatically benefit the firm and reach AcuScans target market. 2. Assumed the staff would not have any communication or personnel issues. 3. Assumed there would be a budget crisis. Chris Martinas VP, Product Development1. Assumed that it would not take much time to produce and launch a new product. 2. The potential return for first year would outlay with substantial ROI. THE CONFLICT2) Explain the arguments made by each of these people. Kelly Thomas argued that the new product features could not be developed just like that and was detailed with planning, testing and quality control and could long make the features completely work by August. Kelly also stated that since the layoff two years ago, and 25% fewer programmers, they do not have the time or manpower for the product successfully to launch in time. Pat Lambert argued that Retail is the answer instead of airports and store security for the new iScanner product to enable retailers to identify incoming customers, with several high-tech features can be developed as a prototype by August and at one point Kelly admitted to it not being a problem to make the iScanner market-ready in time. Chris Martinas argued that Secur-A was, AcuScans competition was working on a new product so AcuScan needs to expand into a different market and launch a new product by early 2004 or Secur-A would be on the top of the market. Cliff OConnor argued that even though AcuScan was facing budget dilemmas they can find a way to launch the new iScanner. 3) Evaluate each argument. a. Kelly Thomas Kellys argument was logical mostly due to the fact he used the numbers and man hours from the first iScanner launch and he did not want to jeporize his and AcuScans reputation by throwing together a flimsy product launch. b. Pat Lambert Pats idea on launching a new product in a new market was a positive one, in fact, a great marketing strategy to be the first company on the market with a new product to get ahead of competition. c. Chris Martinas Chris does realize that to gain and maintain their  targeted market, a budget deficit would need to be put in action because he believes it is important to have a product launch in a new market. d. Cliff OConnor Although Cliffs argument deems logical, it becomes unbeknownst there are major budgetary issues with AcuScan and to launch the iScanner correctly, there are many other decisions that need to be involved, this may include more lay-offs. Cliff is basing the fact that this new launch in a new market will take minimal cost in time and money because AcuScan has done it in the past. 4) Describe specific fallacious arguments, and identify the people who hold them. Pat had a fallacious argument by stating that since other staff members had been with the company longer than Pat, they had a great deal invested in the company and knew what they had to accomplish in order to get a new product off and running. Chris made a fallacious argument about the company being on top again if the company developed a new product. But the since it is unknown, there is no evidence or research at this point the company cannot be certain of this fact. II: CONCLUSIONS1. Describe all problems in this situation. 2. For each problem, describe the data, arguments, and reasoning that contribute to each problem. AcuScan was faced with many problems trying to produce and launch their new iScanner. One main issue was the fact of AcuScan was planning to develop a new product when the company was already facing budgeting issues. Another problem was the staff at AcuScan not meeting face-to-face; instead they relied mainly on email to correspond with one another. Brainstorming, marketing product launches, and budgeting meetings could have benefited the staff and issues could have been handled different and resolved. Cliff, the  CEO should have taken initiative and interjected about the major communication issue the staff was having with one another. Use your reasoning to complete the worksheet below. 3. What is the underlying problem that is the base cause of the conflict within the company?The underlying problem that caused the majority of the issues at AcuScan was the lack of communication between department staff members which resulted in fallacious emails, snide, unnecessary comments which led to lack of production. 4. Alternative solutions. Due to the budgetary issues that were upon AcuScan, instead of a complicated new product launch, expanding the iScanner into industries such as hospitals, colleges and even government offices instead of expanding the new iScanner into the retail environment where the complicated launch requires many additional features is a possible solution, while keeping the idea for the retail industry on the shelf for future product launches. 6. Which solution will you recommend to the CEO? Why? Since both solutions are important, I would mention both to the CEO. Since communication is the backbone of an organization, I would bring up that issue first. Part II: Executive Summary1. Purpose and ScopeThe purpose of this summary is to analyze the issues on launching the new iScanner from AcuScan and rectify any facts pertaining to the potential launch. The scope includes various communications between colleagues and issues that resulted from that dialog. In conclusion the problems will be stated, solutions formulated and recommended results to rectify these problems will be discussed. 2. Summary of the SituationThe conflict between several key persons at AcuScan is hindering the growth of the firm and is causing havoc in receiving positive results for this potential new product launch. Secur-A, AcuScans, main competitor is only 4 months from launching their new product so it is believed to be absolutely essential to the survival of AcuScan to  beat them to market with a successful product as well. 3. Key PointsPat Lambert the new director of Marketing, and Kelly Thomas chief of the software development team, cannot agree on the length of time and the number of programming hours it will take to bring the new product to market. Kelly states that even with current staffing levels, they do not have the time or manpower to launch a new product the correct way. Pats states that a prototype can be built within the timeframe and budget however, neither Pat nor Kelly can compromise. Chris Martinas VP of Product Development believes that Pat and Kelly can work out their differences together. Chris does not quite understand the magnitude of programming involved with this launch though. ConclusionsAs a result of fallacious emails to one another regarding the new product launch for Pat Lambert and Kelly Thomas both feel alienated and find it hard to compromise on the new iScanner Retail Project. The fallacious emails between Kelly and Pat are regarding their disagreement about the capabilities of the software design team and the man-power to create programming for all the features in the new iScanner. Pat is not quite experienced in dealing with software programmers, their processes and requirements. Pat and Kellys emails result in emotional and defensive and inability to listen to each other and cooperate on the new iScanner launch so it does not happen. Conclusion and RecommendationsIn many cases, conflict in the workplace just seems to be a fact of life. Many have seen situations where different people with different goals and needs have come into conflict. And we have all seen the often-intense personal animosity that can result. The fact that conflict exists, however, is not necessarily a bad thing: As long as it is resolved effectively, it can lead to personal and professional growth. In many cases, effective conflict resolution skills can make the difference between positive and negative outcomes. The good news is that by resolving conflict successfully, you can solve many of the problems that it has brought to the surface, in addition to getting benefits that you might not at first expect:My recommendation would be to get Pat, Kelly, Chris and Cliff into a room for a face-to-face meeting. The point of this is to increase the understanding which is needed to resolve conflict and it expands peoples awareness of the situation, giving them an insight into how they can achieve their own goals without undermining those of other people. Additionally, if is resolved effectively, team members can develop stronger mutual respect, and a renewed faith in their ability to work together; and after allowing a brief period of venting, the meeting can be called to order. At this point I would recommend that all emotion be excluded from the communication process, so that the first of many beneficial and productive brainstorming sessions can begin. Another thing I would recommend is to re-vamp the iScanner launch so the product launch is conducive to the budget and to better fit the companys abilities. For instance, instead of launching a complicated product, possibly expand the current iScanner into other industries such as hospitals, colleges and the government, while adding possibly one or two features. The iScanner retinal scanner will perform the same functions as its current version with possibly one or two new features to keep within the companys budget. Keeping the expansion of the Retail iScanner idea on the backburner to launch in a year or two but after Secur-A launches their product. Reference Apollo Group (2003). UOP Assessment. Retrieved 4/19/08, from https://mycampus.phoenix.edu

Essay --

How Hybrids Beat Out the Electric Vehicle in the US Automarket Car companies like Toyota and Honda are finally starting to warm up to the idea of marketing more fuel-efficient vehicles, introducing models like the Toyota Prius, the Toyota Highlander Hybrid, and the Honda Civic Hybrid, the three top-selling hybrid vehicles on the market for 20061. While these more fuel-efficient cars do increase the MPG rating to averages of 47mpg, 25mpg, and 46mpg2, one has to wonder why car companies are still turning out vehicle models that are dependent on gasoline at all. In the mid-1990's GM introduced the EV1 in response to the California Air Resources Board (CARB)'s 'zero-emissions' standards, a vehicle that got 55-75 miles per charge (mpc) with lead-acid batteries and 75-150 mpc with the Generation 2 Ovonic nickel-metal hydride batteries3 without zero emissions at the vehicle level whatsoever. So why have car companies forsaken the electric vehicle in favor of the low-emission (but still emitting) hybrid? Car companies like Toyota and Daimler-Chrysle r have partnerships with oil companies like ExxonMobil to improve fuel-economy standards for future vehicles, but none of them involve the development of an all-electric vehicle. Simply, the Bush Administration, backed by oil companies and car manufacturers, can not profit from the mass-production of electric vehicles. Instead, hybrid vehicles that still consume oil and emit greenhouse gases, are this century's compromise between environmentalists and Bush's Big Oil. General Motors has a history of partnering with oil companies to increase profits, starting with the Great American Streetcar scandal in the early 20th century. National City Lines, a holding company of Genera... ...ons. ExxonMobil, February 2006. www.exxonmobil.com 7 Shell Hydrogen: About Shell Hydrogen http://www.shell.com/home/Framework?siteId=hydrogen-en&FC2=/hydrogen-en/html/iwgen/leftnavs/zzz_lhn2_0_0.html&FC3=/hydrogen-en/html/iwgen/about_shell/who_we_are_1208.html 8 Flomenhoft, Gary: ESCI 420 In-class lecture, 2/7 9 Energy Task Force - Wikipedia.com 10 Taxpayers for a Common Sense Whitepaper Website: Vehicles that Qualify for the SUV Tax Break. http://www.taxpayer.net/TCS/whitepapers/SUVtaxbreak.htm 11 Toyota Website: Vehicles: RAV-4 EV http://www.toyota.com/html/shop/vehicles/ravev/rav4ev_0_home/index.html 12 Tesla Motors website - www.teslamotors.com 13 "Who Killed the Electric Car?" Documentary: Sony Pictures Classics, 2006. 14 Toyota Website: Vehicles: RAV-4 EV http://www.toyota.com/html/shop/vehicles/ravev/rav4ev_0_home/index.html

Everyman Play Analysis Essay

The play â€Å"Everyman† remains nobody indifferent and thus is attractive for many readers, because the play is the best example of the medieval morality play. The genre of the play is presented by allegory aiming at dramatizing moral struggle that can be considered as universal and individual as well. The play is interesting, because it portrays feasting Everyman being informed of approaching Death. Thus many important themes are raised in the play: death and eternal life, friendship and betrayal, knowledge and power, etc. The author originally portrays, firstly, how Everyman is deserted by his â€Å"true† friends and companions, how he falls back on his Good Deeds, etc. It is also necessary to admit that Everyman is associated with eternal values of beauty, intelligence, strength and human knowledge. All these elements assist Everyman in compiling book of Accounts, though at the end of the play he remains only with Good Deeds alone. Furthermore, the play is, certainly, edifying, because it provides the idea that people can take with them from real world nothing they have received, but only the things they have given others. Apparently, the play differs from contemporary biblical text as it doesn’t dramatize biblical episodes and characters. Instead the play personifies the good and bad qualities of mankind and shows them in conflict. Moreover, â€Å"Everyman† provides complete morality restricted by depicting the spiritual biography of the human microcosm, instead of representing spiritual history of man. Finally, the play is attractive due to author’s very unique style of writing, because the author employs s technique of imagery meaning that he uses images and symbols to represent a certain hero and particular idea. Thus imagery makes readers understand the play and acting better. Further, â€Å"Everyman† teach people how to be moral. Moral seems to be the universal theme being popular in all times. The play suggests that it is necessary to do good deeds and to obtain knowledge, because everything learnt will stay for the whole life.

African Americans and Southern Racism During Reconstruction Essay

Introduction At the end of the Civil War, America faced the difficult task of uniting not only two separated territories of the United States, but also two races long separated by racism and culture. Devastated and embittered by the damage of the war, the South had a long way to go in order to achieve true equality between the former slave owners and former slaves. The majority of the South remained set in racist behavior, finding post-Civil War legal loopholes to diminish African American rights (Tindall & Shi, 2010, pp. 757-758). Southerners continued to marginalize Blacks in their behavior toward ex-slaves and the later African American generation, continuing the escalation of racial tensions through white terror and discriminatory attitudes (Tindall & Shi, 2010, p. 759). Most subversively, southern newspapers propagated stereotypes against African Americans in their coverage and descriptions of constitutional conventions (Logue, 1979, p. 342). Although Radical Reconstruction offered some prog ress toward social equality after the Civil War, its success was short-lived as African Americans suffered vast disenfranchisement through racist rulings, attitudes, and media representation in the South at the turn of the century. Rulings against African Americans After the Civil War had come to an end, African Americans in the South quickly made use of their new-found political and social rights, employing their right to vote from the Fifteenth Amendment and serving as prominent political figures (Tindall & Shi, 2010, p. 722). However, the formerly fervent commitment to Radical Reconstruction soon dwindled (Tindall & Shi, 2010, p. 739). Many of the advances toward civil equality were soon erased: In 1883, the Supreme Court declared the Civil Rights Laws of 1875 unconstitutional, and the political power Blacks had gained, especially in the South where 90% of Blacks lived, was completely undone. Black voter  participation dropped from 96% to 26% in South Carolina in just 12 years (1876-1888); in those same 12 years, voter participation of Blacks dropped from 53% to 18% in Georgia (Burris-Kitchen & Burris, 2011, p. 5). Even while African Americans enjoyed an uninhibited freedom to voting rights, many still suffered disenfranchisement at the ha nds of rampant racial discrimination in the South. Although discontent Southerners could not impede the Black right to vote, they found ulterior methods to marginalize African Americans. â€Å"Since the Fifteenth Amendment made it impossible simply to deny African Americans the right to vote, disenfranchisement was accomplished indirectly, through such devices as poll taxes (or head taxes) and literacy tests† (Tindall & Shi, 2010, p. 757). â€Å"Jim Crow† laws mandated racial segregation in public areas in the South and were often accompanied by physical abuse and terror to African Americans (Tindall & Shi, 2010, pp. 756-759). These underhand activities in the South demonstrated that while African Americans were technically free, they continually suffered from unjust rulings and actions. These sprang from the rampantly racist attitudes in the South: Although great strides were made toward political and economic freedom for Blacks following the Civil War, the progress made was quickly squashed by political movements and rhetoric, which implied that Blacks could not handle their newly-found freedom and that the White working class was threatened by Blacks who were trying to take their jobs, their property, and their government away from them (Burris-Kitchen & Burris, 2011, p. 5). Racist Attitudes Many Southerners continued to believe and propagate these ideas that African Americans had a subversive agenda to the White working class. These ideas culminated in deep-seated attitudes against African Americans in the South: â€Å"During the 1890s the attitudes that had permitted moderation in race relations evaporated. A violent ‘Negrophobia’ swept across the South and much of the nation at the end of the century† (Tindall & Shi, 2010, p. 756). However, African Americans at the turn of the century had become weary of disenfranchisement and were ready to stand up against these attitudes: â€Å"This generation was more assertive and less patient than their parents. ‘We are not the Negro from who the chains of slavery fell a quarter century ago, most assuredly not,’ a black editor announced† (Tindall &  Shi, 2010, p. 756). Unfortunately, this may have simply increased a White agenda of racial discrimination, as â€Å"a growing number of youn g white adults, however, were equally determined to keep ‘Negroes in their place’† (Tindall & Shi, 2010, p. 756). Whether Southerners felt that African Americans imposed a threat to their jobs, their safety, or their rights, the overarching attitude of the South clearly displayed a strong desire to maintain racial dominance of the pre-Civil War era. Part of this attitude motivated a desire to limit education for African Americans: To keep Blacks uneducated meant Whites could boast of their superior intellect; this had been in the arsenal of Whites for hundreds of years prior to Reconstruction and continues to be used over 130 years after Reconstruction. Denial of education for Blacks existed through Reconstruction as a form of White racism and a justification for their inferior political and economic status (Burris-Kitchen & Burris, 2011, p. 6). Any kind of advantage Whites could claim in the South became ammunition in their discriminatory attitudes. These ideas and attitudes fed the propagation of racist stereotypes and bias in southern newspapers. Prejudiced Media in the South Perhaps the most subtle yet shocking form of racism in the South during Reconstruction was the biased reporting of many southern newspapers. Whether the ideas and attitudes of many southern Whites influenced these published stereotypes or vice versa, it is clear that southern publications often encouraged and promoted racist attitudes at the end of the century. A publication in Charleston, South Carolina displayed this racist subtext: â€Å"While promising its readers ‘truth,’ the Charleston Mercury mocked journalistic license by actually printing racist ridicule. A favorite method was to scorn African-Americans in the convention as a race, exploiting racist attitudes saved by white readers from slavery† (Logue, 1979, p. 339). Covering the constitutional convention in Columbia in 1867, white journalists used racist stereotypes in describing the black delegates’ involvement: â€Å"Reporters emphasized how blacks would â€Å"chuckle and grin,† thereby exploiting the racist assumption of many whites that blacks were mere fun-loving, animal-like creatures who had to be protected from themselves† (Logue, 1979, p. 341). The Charleston paper encouraged racist  attitudes through the ridicule of black speech and pronunciation, mocking ex-slave â€Å"ignorance† rather than reporting important issues discussed at the convention: When blacks debated the issue of ‘changing the title of districts to counties,’ for example, the only thing the reporters heard was â€Å"the very awkward sound of ‘deestrict’ as district is pronounced by some of the delegates.† Because of their preoccupation with such factors, reporters seldom informed their readers about issues that were discussed, such as public education, relief from debts, taxes, and so on (Logue, 1979, p. 342). In this manner, the South remained entrapped in a media-fueled suspicion and fear of African Americans, feeding the continued presence of racism and discrimination during the post-Civil War reconstruction. Conclusion In conclusion, the progress of Radical Reconstruction largely failed to reform the disenfranchisement of African Americans in the South on a long-term scale. The attitudes of the Southern whites continued to influence the freedom of former slaves as they faced discriminating rulings, racist attitudes, and biased media. While some African Americans from further generations were largely unwilling to bow subserviently to the effects of white terror and discrimination, civil rights equality had a long and arduous path to completion in the South. While many of the racist attitudes of the post-Civil War South seem shocking to a modern-day reader, the influence of the actions and attitudes of white Southerners serves as a reminder of the power of repeated falsehoods, particularly within media subtext and bias. The disenfranchisement of African Americans during reconstruction displays the extent of deep-seated racial prejudice based on fear, stubbornness, and ignorance. As Burris-Kitchen and Burris point out: Throughout American history, Blacks have been demonized and criminalized, and this history has led us to where we are today. Until we can change the perceptions of Blacks through the media, political and economic arenas they will continue to pay the price for an inherently racist political, economic, educational, and criminal justice system (Burris-Kitchen & Burris, 2011, p. 14). References Burris-Kitchen, D., & Burris, P. (2011). From slavery to prisons: A historical delineation of the criminalization African Americans. Journal of Global Intelligence & Policy, 4 (5), 1-16. Retrieved from http://0-web.ebscohost.com.library.regent.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=adef70d4-c4d9-4d2b-b5c9-3b1efa487879%40sessionmgr14&vid=2&hid=127# Logue, C. M. (March 1979). Racist reporting during reconstruction. Journal of Black Studies, 9 (3), 335-349. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2784304 Tindall, G. B.; Shi, D. E. (2010). America: A narrative history (8th ed.). New York: W.W. Norton & Company.

Avogadro, Amadeo essays

Avogadro, Amadeo essays Lorenzo Romano Amadeo Carl Avagodro was born on August 9, 1776 in Turin, Italy. He was the son of Count Filippo Avogadro and Anna Maria Vercellone. In his earlier years, he started a practice as a lawyer, seeing as he came from a long line of successful ones. His early career was highly successful. In 1792, Avogadro became a bachelor of jurisprudence, and four year later he would earn a doctorate in ecclesiastical law. In 1801, Avogadro was named the secretary to the department of Eridano. It was around this period that he studied mathematics and physics privately, becoming so engrossed he eventually made it his lifetime career. Eventually, Avogadro became the professor of philosophy at the college of Vercelli, where he would marry Felicita Mazze and have six children. In 1811, he would make his famous statement claiming that equal volumes of all gases under the same conditions of temperature contain the same number of molecules. This was published in an article on Journal de physique, in which he clearly states the distinction between a molecule and an atom. Alas, the scientific community at the time, for various reasons, paid very little attention to him. Avogadro had based his hypothesis on the studies of a man called Joseph Gay-Lussac, who had discovered all gasses at equal temperature expand by the same amount in 1809. Nothing really was done, until 50 years later when a man by the name of Stanislao Cannizzaro had reintroduced the scientific community to Avogadros theory. By then, there was a much larger agreement that something could be made of such a theory. Cannizzaro believed that compounds had whole numbers of atoms, and that equal volumes of gasses under the same conditions have the same number of molecules. Ironically, this was formed by a fusion of Avogadro and his nemesis Daltons statements. In 1865, a man by the name of Johann Joseph Loeschmidt sa ...

Annie Oakley

The great Sioux warrior Chief Sitting Bull was so impressed by Oakleys skill that he adopted her, giving her the name Watanya CeciliaLittle Sure Shot. Though her life inspired dime novels, a Broadway play, and Hollywood movies, little is known about the real Annie Oakley, an intensely private, complicated woman who excelled publicly in a mans sport. (Foundation) Near the end of her life, Will Rogers paid her a visit and then wrote about her in his daily newspaper column: She was the reigning sensation of America and Europe during the heyday of Buffalo Bills Wild West show. She was their star. Her picture was on more billboards than a modern Gloria Swanson. It was Annie Oakley, the greatest rifle shot the world has ever produced. Nobody took her place. There was only one. (Edwards) Annie Oakley, an American Experience documentary film which aired May 8, 2011 on PBS, separates life from legend. Filmmaker Riva Freifeld says she was initially attracted to the project because I thought this was the most extraordinary story of somebody breaking out of a mold. A woman of the Victorian age, small, petite, who had a horrible, miserable childhood. She pulled herself out of all that through her own talent and worked through the pressures against women and made herself into the most famous practitioner of a sport that is quintessentially male: sharpshooting. (Vonada) Virginia Scharff, professor of history and director of the Center for the Southwest at the University of New Mexico, agrees. She is the epitome of the self-made woman. This is somebody who triumphs over about as miserable a childhood as you can imagine. You would never know that by looking at her public persona. She seemed like the all-American girl who must have grown up amid motherhood and apple pie, but the truth of the matter was that she grew up in the most abject kind of poverty. (Vonada) She was, hands down, the finest woman sharpshooting entertainer of all time. Oakley was always drawn to guns. Her father may have taught her to shoot when she was very young, and Oakley herself said that when she was barely big enough to lift her fathers old Kentucky rifle, she dragged it outside, rested the barrel on the porch railing, and shot a squirrel clean through the head. When Oakley returned home, instead of going to school, she earned good money by shooting game and selling it to the Katzenberger brothers grocery store, which shipped the game to hotels in Cincinnati. She was so successful that she was soon able to pay off the mortgage on her mothers house. She once remarked that from the age of ten, she never had money in her pockets that she had not earned herself. (Kim-Brown) In addition to game hunting, Oakley entered local shooting contests that were popular at the time, winning so many turkey shoots that she was eventually barred from them. But such was her reputation that when professional sharpshooter Frank Butler was passing through southern Ohio claiming he could outshoot anyone around, the locals accepted his challenge. They failed to tell Butler that his opponent was a teenage girl. I got there late and found the whole town, in fact, most of the county out ready to bet me or any of my friends to a standstill on their unknown,' Butler later said. I did not bet a cent. You may bet, however, that I almost dropped dead when a little, slim girl in short dresses stepped out to the mark with me. Butler lost, and gave Oakley tickets to his next show. ( Kim-Brown) According to Kim and Brown, a romance sprang up between the two and they were soon married. But it was six years before the shooting team of Butler and Oakley appeared. In the meantime, Butler traveled the variety circuit with his partner John Graham until one night when Graham became ill. Initially, Oakley acted as Butlers assistant, holding targets. But Butler was having an off night and he could not seem to hit his targets. Amid the booing, someone shouted, Let the girl shoot! Oakley calmly took the gun and hit every mark. Kim-Brown) Oakley was a natural performer. Modest, yet playful, she skipped onto the stage like a schoolgirl. She shot an apple from Butlers head, pierced the heart in the ace of hearts or, if the card was held sideways, sliced through it; she shot corks from bottles and blew out the flames from candles. She shot backward looking through a small mirror. She could shoot just as well with her left hand as with her right. Sometimes she pretended to miss and pouted, stamping her foot. At the end of her act, she blew kisses to the crowd and did a funny little kick as she disappeared behind the curtain. The audience loved her. (Kim-Brown) Frank Butler didnt mind fading into the background. Because he was so open-minded about women, says Freifeld, he basically created a situation where you had a role reversal of a typical Victorian marriage. I think Frank Butler understood that she had a kind of star quality that he didnt want to overshadow, says Scharff, and Frank Butler didnt have a problem with that. I think he adored her. I think he also was a savvy businessman who understood that she was pretty, she was ladylike, she was petite. She would do what needed to be done to make that rise to the top. And he didnt want to get in her way. As a matter of fact, he understood that for the two of them, the best thing possible was to let her take the lead. (Vonada) Annie, born Phoebe Ann Moses in Ohios Darke County on August 13, 1860, got her gun at an early age but didnt shoot her way to everlasting fame until after William Buffalo Bill Cody put her on the payroll in 1885. In the process, the little woman (5 feet tall, about 110 pounds) gave Codys Wild West a shot in the arm. As a star with the stature, ability and uniqueness of Buffalo Bill himself Annie Oakley had a platform to promote her egalitarian views about women. She believed that women needed to learn to be proficient with firearms to defend themselves and that they could even help fight for their country. During World War I, she offered to recruit and train a regiment of women sharpshooters. If nothing else, Annie Oakley helped expand the career options of American women. (Oakley, Annie. (2011). Britannica Biographies, 1. ) Annie Oakley rose to stardom from humble roots. In the mid- 1860s her father, Jacob, died, and her mother, Susan, had a devil of a time trying to make ends meet with seven children age 15 or younger on her hands. Annie Oakley tried to help by hunting and trapping in the Darke County woods. By age 10, Annie Oakley had been sent off to live at the county poor farm, known as the Infirmary, and during her early teens she alternated between living there and with her mother and stepfather. Her life took a turn for the better when she met Irishman Frank (Jimmie) Buffer of the Buffer and Baughman shooting act. Oakley, Annie. (2011). Britannica Biographies, 1. ) According to legend, Buffer was trying to drum up business in 1875 by accepting challenges from local marksmen, and on Thanksgiving Day in Greenville, Ohio, he took on young Annie Moses in a shooting match. I almost dropped dead when a slim girl in a short dress stepped out to the mark with me, Frank Buffer later said. I was a beaten man the moment she appeared. Frank lost, 23 to 21. Later, whenever he said that he had purposely thrown the match, Annie would just flutter her eyes and smile. In any case, Frank was impressed enough by Annie to invite her to see his act in Cincinnati. She accepted. As part of his act, Buffer and his big white French poodle, George, performed a William Tell bit. As usual, Frank shot the apple off Georges head and George retrieved the fruit, but the dog then brought it to Annie instead of to the shooter. A courtship ensuedbetween Annie and Frank, that isand the couple was married within the year or so the legend has it. (Oakley, Annie. 2011. Britannica Biographies, 1. ) Annie joined Franks stage act, according to her own account, only after Franks shooting partner, John Graham, became ill in May 1882. She filled in admirably and became an instant hit. She chose Oakley as her stage name for some unknown reason and began to tour with Frank. To the experienced showmans credit, he immediately realized that his wife was a star. He put his own career on a backburner so that he could manage her career, saying, She outclassed me. (Edwards) In those early days of her stage career, Annie Oakley played with Frank Buffer at small theaters, skating rinks and circuses. While working for the Sells Brothers Circus in New Orleans in 1884, they met Buffalo Bill Cody, but he didnt hire her until after she and her manager-husband had come to Louisville, Ky. , early in 1885 for a three-day tryout. After an agreement was struck, Buffalo Bill brought her to the mess tent to introduce her to the members of his Wild West, which had been inaugurated in 1883. This little missie here is Miss Annie Oakley, Buffalo Bill said. She is to be the only white woman with our exhibition. And I want you boys to welcome and protect her. They didnt need toLil Missie, as Cody usually called her, had pretty much fended for herself from childhood. (Edwards) Annie Oakley and Frank Butler toured with the Wild West for some 16 seasons, and the only contract they had with Cody was verbal. Annie said that Cody, whom she called the Colonel, was the kindest-hearted, most loyal man she had ever met, and also the softest touch. She noted that Cody kept a big pitcher of lemonade by his t ent so that he could serve refreshments to visiting youngsters. The Oakley act was spectacular. Cody generally used Lil Missie early in his entertainment extravaganza so that she could warm the audience up to the sound of gunfire. Dexter Fellows, a sometimes press agent for the Wild West, wrote in his autobiographical book This Way to the Big Show that Annie was a consummate actress, with a personality that made itself felt as soon as she entered the arena. During her entrance, Annie waved and blew kisses to the audience. She was an ambidextrous shot who fired rapidly and with unerring accuracy. On the rare occasions when she missed a shot, she immediately fired again. On occasion, she intentionally missed and then pretended to become petulant, stamping her feet in frustration and sometimes throwing her hat down and walking around it to change her luck. Then when she did hit the mark, the audience would roar louder than ever. (Edwards) Frank Butler also got into the act, releasing clay pigeons for his wife. She would jump over her gun table and shoot the clay bird before it hit the ground. Often she shot cigarettes out of her husbands mouth, and once she even shot a cigarette out of Kaiser Wilhelm IIs mouth. Charlatan shooters preferred to shoot ashes from cigars (with the help of a wire embedded in the cigar and twisted by the assistants tongue at the proper moment), so Annie insisted on shooting only whole cigarettes. Her act often included hitting targets while riding a bicycle with no hands. Although she could ride a horse in fine style, she left the shooting of glass balls from horseback to Buffalo Bill. Annie concluded her act with a funny jig and would kick up her heels just before she left the arena. Once when a newspaper in England wondered how fast and accurate she was, she gave a special demonstration. Frank stood on a chair facing his wifes back. At Annies command, he dropped a tin plate. Annie turned, fired and hit it square, all within about half a second. (Vonada) Annie Oakley had a theatrical flair and the quickness and agility of an athlete. But none of it would have meant too much had she not been such a top hand with all kinds of firearms. She practiced constantly and did not rely on trickery; she was no sham shooting star. Among her favorite shotguns were a Lancaster and a Francotte, her favorite rifles included a Winchester and a Marlin, and she used Colts and Smith amp; Wesson handguns equally well. Guns, rifles and pistols are of many styles, she once said, and to declare that any one make is superior to all others would show a very narrow mind and limited knowledge of firearms. Nobody should trust their lives behind a cheap gun. (Sorg) The famous Sioux (Lakota) spiritual leader and medicine man Sitting Bull toured with the Wild West during the 1885 season. Annie had a ctually met him the previous year in a St. Paul, Minn. , theater, when Sitting Bull, then a resident of the Standing Rock Reservation in Dakota Territory, watched her fire a rifle to snuff out a burning candle. Apparently, Sitting Bull was so impressed that afterward he asked to see the little white woman. Annie then gave Sitting Bull a picture of herself, while he gave her moccasins he had worn at the Battle of the Little Bighorn, as well as the nickname Watanya Cicilla (Little Sure Shot). They were happily reunited the next year as employees of Codys Wild West. Whenever Sitting Bull got peevish that season, Cody would send for Little Sure Shot, who would talk to the Lakota leader for a while and then do her jig before leaving his quarters. That inevitably would make Sitting Bull laugh and would lift his spirits. But her presence was not enough to make him want to continue with the show another season. (Sorg) In the spring of 1886, while the Wild West performed in Washington, D. C. , en route to an extended summer stay at Erastina, on Staten Island, an insect lodged itself deep inside Annie Oakleys ear. By June, she had an ear infection, but, against doctors orders, she still rode in the 17-mile opening-day parade in New York City. Near the end of it, she collapsed, and doctors determined that the area behind her eardrum needed to be lanced to drain its poison. The bedridden Lil Missie missed four performances at Erastina (probably the only four she missed during her show career) before she hobbled into the arena on the fifth day to shoot again. She had plenty of grit for sure, but part of Annie Oakleys motivation for getting back in action was the fact that Cody had hired a younger female shooter, Lillian Smith, for the 1886 season. At the time, Annie may have been concerned about her job security. But there was room for both of them, and the Wild West continued to be a big hit when it moved into Madison Square Garden that winter. (Oakley, Annie. (2011). Britannica Biographies, 1. ) On May 11, it was Queen Victorias turn to have a command performance. It was held at the exhibition grounds after her courtiers convinced her that they couldnt fit Codys outfit into Windsor Castle. When the American flag entered the arena, Queen Victoria stood up and bowed deeply, and Codys company roared its approval. For the first time in history, an English monarch had saluted the Star-Spangled Banner. After Lillian Smith and Annie Oakley had curtsied and walked up to her, the queen told Annie, You are a very clever little girl. Lil Missie had become an international star. At least one newspaper said that her marksmanship was better than that of Buffalo Bill. (Edwards) One notable wreck occurred at 3 a. m. on October 29, 1901, near Lindwood, N. C. , while the company was headed to Danville, Va. , for its last performance of the season. When the first section passed the switching station, the switcher thought that it was the whole outfit, so he threw the switch. The second section ran into an oncoming train. The wooden cars became so many piles of kindling as people and animals cried out in pain and steam hissed. Legend says that Annie Oakley, now 41, was found pinned beneath the rubble and it took several hours before she could be extracted. As Lil Missie was carried by stretcher past some wounded horses that had to be shot, she supposedly remarked that she felt sorry for them. Just 17 hours after the wreck, according to legend, her brown hair turned totally white because of the horror of the accident. (Edwards) After her retirement from the Wild West, Annie Oakley tried her hand at acting again, appearing as the lead in a play called The Western Girl, which opened in New Jersey in November 1902. She looked much as she had while shooting in the Wild West, except now she wore a brown wig to hide her white hair. She also would teach shooting at exclusive clubs. Meanwhile, her husband worked for the Union Metallic Cartridge Company, promoting its products to the growing number of trap shooters. In the spring of 1910, Frank and Annie attended a Wild West show at Madison Square Garden known as the Two Bills Show, because Buffalo Bills outfit had merged with Pawnee Bills outfit. Cody apparently asked Annie to rejoin the show, but she and Frank turned the old showman down. Instead, the following year, they joined up with Vernon C. Seavers Young Buffalo Wild West, and Little Sure Shot continued to shoot for that outfit until retiring for good in 1913. Annie and Frank continued to be friends with Cody, though, and when Buffalo Bill died on January 10, 1917, she wrote a glowing eulogy. (Edwards) After giving her last performance with Young Buffalo Wild West on October 4, 1913, Annie and Frank retired to a new home in Cambridge, Md. , and also spent a lot of their time at resorts in Pinehurst, N. C. , and Leesburg, Fla. Hunting and shooting remained a big part of their lives. They had no children. In the summer of 1922, when she was about to turn 62, Annie Oakley performed at a benefit show on Long Island (a clip of her performance that day can be seen at the Buffalo Bill Historical Center). The New York Herald hinted that she might be making a comeback in show biz and could appear in the movies soon. It never happened. That November, she fractured her hip and an ankle in a car accident in Florida. The steel leg brace she was forced to wear did not, however, keep her from resuming her shooting and hunting. (Oakley, Annie. (2011). Britannica Biographies, 1. ) The injury and time took their toll; four years later Annie went home to Ohio to die. She stayed for a while in Dayton, where humorist Will Rogers came to visit and found his old friend sitting up in bed. The next week, the Oklahoma cowboy reminisced about her in his newspaper column, asking people to write to the invalid who had once been the reigning sensation of America and Europe. (Edwards) By then, Annie surely must have felt obsolete. In 1894, she featured in one of the first Western movies, acting out her routines for Thomas A. Edisons kinetograph. Now screen stars like Lillian Gish and Gloria Swanson were all the rage, and no one wanted a star-spangled Western girl. Annie had her shooting medals melted down, sold the gold and donated the money to charity. (Edwards) She died in Greenville on November 3, 1926 (of pern icious anemia, according to newspaper reports).

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